尽管神经辐射场（NERF）在新型视图合成方面表现出了令人印象深刻的进步，但大多数方法通常需要具有准确的相机姿势的同一场景的多个输入图像。在这项工作中，我们试图将输入实质上减少到单个未予以的图像。现有的方法在本地图像功能上有条件重建一个3D对象，但通常会在远离源视图的视点处进行模糊的预测。为了解决这个问题，我们建议利用全球和本地功能形成表现力的3D表示。全局功能是从视觉变压器中学到的，而本地功能则从2D卷积网络中提取。为了综合一种新型视图，我们训练以学习的3D表示条件进行量渲染的多层感知器（MLP）网络。这种新颖的3D表示允许网络重建看不见的区域，而无需执行对称或规范坐标系等约束。我们的方法只能从单个输入图像中渲染新视图，并使用单个模型在多个对象类别中概括。定量和定性评估表明，所提出的方法可实现最先进的绩效，并使细节比现有方法更丰富。

我们提出了一种从单个图像中编辑复杂室内照明的方法，其深度和光源分割掩码。这是一个极具挑战性的问题，需要对复杂的光传输进行建模，并仅通过对场景的部分LDR观察，将HDR照明从材料和几何形状中解散。我们使用两个新颖的组件解决了这个问题：1）一种整体场景重建方法，该方法估计场景反射率和参数3D照明，以及2）一个神经渲染框架，从我们的预测中重新呈现场景。我们使用基于物理的室内光表示，可以进行直观的编辑，并推断可见和看不见的光源。我们的神经渲染框架结合了基于物理的直接照明和阴影渲染，深层网络近似于全球照明。它可以捕获具有挑战性的照明效果，例如柔软的阴影，定向照明，镜面材料和反射。以前的单个图像逆渲染方法通常纠缠场景照明和几何形状，仅支持对象插入等应用程序。取而代之的是，通过将参数3D照明估计与神经场景渲染相结合，我们演示了从单个图像中实现完整场景重新确定（包括光源插入，删除和替换）的第一种自动方法。所有源代码和数据将公开发布。

基于坐标的神经网络参数化隐式表面已成为几何形状的有效表示。它们有效地充当参数水平集，其零级集合定义了感兴趣的表面。我们提出了一个框架，该框架允许将定义的三角形网格定义的变形操作应用于此类隐式表面。这些操作中的几个可以看作是能量最小化的问题，这些问题会诱导显式表面上的瞬时流场。我们的方法使用流场通过扩展级别集的经典理论来变形参数隐式表面。我们还通过形式化与级别集理论的联系，来得出有关可区分表面提取和渲染的现有方法的合并视图。我们表明，这些方法从理论中偏离，我们的方法对诸如表面平滑，均值流动，反向渲染和用户定义的编辑等应用进行了改进。

Image view synthesis has seen great success in reconstructing photorealistic visuals, thanks to deep learning and various novel representations. The next key step in immersive virtual experiences is view synthesis of dynamic scenes. However, several challenges exist due to the lack of high-quality training datasets, and the additional time dimension for videos of dynamic scenes. To address this issue, we introduce a multi-view video dataset, captured with a custom 10-camera rig in 120FPS. The dataset contains 96 high-quality scenes showing various visual effects and human interactions in outdoor scenes. We develop a new algorithm, Deep 3D Mask Volume, which enables temporally-stable view extrapolation from binocular videos of dynamic scenes, captured by static cameras. Our algorithm addresses the temporal inconsistency of disocclusions by identifying the error-prone areas with a 3D mask volume, and replaces them with static background observed throughout the video. Our method enables manipulation in 3D space as opposed to simple 2D masks, We demonstrate better temporal stability than frame-by-frame static view synthesis methods, or those that use 2D masks. The resulting view synthesis videos show minimal flickering artifacts and allow for larger translational movements.

We show that passing input points through a simple Fourier feature mapping enables a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to learn high-frequency functions in lowdimensional problem domains. These results shed light on recent advances in computer vision and graphics that achieve state-of-the-art results by using MLPs to represent complex 3D objects and scenes. Using tools from the neural tangent kernel (NTK) literature, we show that a standard MLP fails to learn high frequencies both in theory and in practice. To overcome this spectral bias, we use a Fourier feature mapping to transform the effective NTK into a stationary kernel with a tunable bandwidth. We suggest an approach for selecting problem-specific Fourier features that greatly improves the performance of MLPs for low-dimensional regression tasks relevant to the computer vision and graphics communities.

We present a method that achieves state-of-the-art results for synthesizing novel views of complex scenes by optimizing an underlying continuous volumetric scene function using a sparse set of input views. Our algorithm represents a scene using a fully-connected (nonconvolutional) deep network, whose input is a single continuous 5D coordinate (spatial location (x, y, z) and viewing direction (θ, φ)) and whose output is the volume density and view-dependent emitted radiance at that spatial location. We synthesize views by querying 5D coordinates along camera rays and use classic volume rendering techniques to project the output colors and densities into an image. Because volume rendering is naturally differentiable, the only input required to optimize our representation is a set of images with known camera poses. We describe how to effectively optimize neural radiance fields to render photorealistic novel views of scenes with complicated geometry and appearance, and demonstrate results that outperform prior work on neural rendering and view synthesis. View synthesis results are best viewed as videos, so we urge readers to view our supplementary video for convincing comparisons.

Fast and easy handheld capture with guideline: closest object moves at most D pixels between views Promote sampled views to local light field via layered scene representation Blend neighboring local light fields to render novel views

We explore the problem of view synthesis from a narrow baseline pair of images, and focus on generating highquality view extrapolations with plausible disocclusions. Our method builds upon prior work in predicting a multiplane image (MPI), which represents scene content as a set of RGBα planes within a reference view frustum and renders novel views by projecting this content into the target viewpoints. We present a theoretical analysis showing how the range of views that can be rendered from an MPI increases linearly with the MPI disparity sampling frequency, as well as a novel MPI prediction procedure that theoretically enables view extrapolations of up to 4× the lateral viewpoint movement allowed by prior work. Our method ameliorates two specific issues that limit the range of views renderable by prior methods: 1) We expand the range of novel views that can be rendered without depth discretization artifacts by using a 3D convolutional network architecture along with a randomized-resolution training procedure to allow our model to predict MPIs with increased disparity sampling frequency. 2) We reduce the repeated texture artifacts seen in disocclusions by enforcing a constraint that the appearance of hidden content at any depth must be drawn from visible content at or behind that depth.

We propose a general framework for unsupervised domain adaptation, which allows deep neural networks trained on a source domain to be tested on a different target domain without requiring any training annotations in the target domain. This is achieved by adding extra networks and losses that help regularize the features extracted by the backbone encoder network. To this end we propose the novel use of the recently proposed unpaired image-toimage translation framework to constrain the features extracted by the encoder network. Specifically, we require that the features extracted are able to reconstruct the images in both domains. In addition we require that the distribution of features extracted from images in the two domains are indistinguishable. Many recent works can be seen as specific cases of our general framework. We apply our method for domain adaptation between MNIST, USPS, and SVHN datasets, and Amazon, Webcam and DSLR Office datasets in classification tasks, and also between GTA5 and Cityscapes datasets for a segmentation task. We demonstrate state of the art performance on each of these datasets.

Machine learning-based segmentation in medical imaging is widely used in clinical applications from diagnostics to radiotherapy treatment planning. Segmented medical images with ground truth are useful for investigating the properties of different segmentation performance metrics to inform metric selection. Regular geometrical shapes are often used to synthesize segmentation errors and illustrate properties of performance metrics, but they lack the complexity of anatomical variations in real images. In this study, we present a tool to emulate segmentations by adjusting the reference (truth) masks of anatomical objects extracted from real medical images. Our tool is designed to modify the defined truth contours and emulate different types of segmentation errors with a set of user-configurable parameters. We defined the ground truth objects from 230 patient images in the Glioma Image Segmentation for Radiotherapy (GLIS-RT) database. For each object, we used our segmentation synthesis tool to synthesize 10 versions of segmentation (i.e., 10 simulated segmentors or algorithms), where each version has a pre-defined combination of segmentation errors. We then applied 20 performance metrics to evaluate all synthetic segmentations. We demonstrated the properties of these metrics, including their ability to capture specific types of segmentation errors. By analyzing the intrinsic properties of these metrics and categorizing the segmentation errors, we are working toward the goal of developing a decision-tree tool for assisting in the selection of segmentation performance metrics.